Thermal Storage

Thermal storage systems play a crucial role in energy management by allowing the capture and retention of thermal energy for later use. They come in various forms, each suited to different applications and environments. Here’s a breakdown of the four basic types:

1. Ice Storage: Involves freezing water during off-peak hours when energy is cheaper and then using the ice to cool buildings during peak hours.
2. Water Storage: Similar to ice storage but without the phase change. Water is heated or cooled during off-peak hours and then circulated to provide heating or cooling as needed.
3. Storage in Rock, Soil, or Other Solid Thermal Mass: Utilizes the high heat capacity of materials like rock or soil to store thermal energy. Heat is transferred to these materials during periods of excess energy and then released when needed.
4. Storage in Other Materials: This includes substances like glycol (antifreeze) which can be used as a heat transfer fluid in systems where direct storage isn’t feasible.

These systems help optimize energy usage, reduce peak demand on power grids, and increase overall energy efficiency.